Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry

The Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistry (한국응용생명화학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The Efficacy of Lowering Blood Glucose Levels Using the Extracts of Fermented Bitter Melon in the Diabetic Mice

당뇨 마우스에서 여주발효추출물의 혈당 강하 효능

  • Received : 2015.06.04
  • Accepted : 2015.07.16
  • Published : 2015.09.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Momordica charantia, commonly known as bitter melon, has interesting pharmacological activities such as anticancer, antiviral, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antioxidant. As supported by recent scientific reports on the beneficial effects of M. charantia, it is one of the most promising functional plants for diabetes today. In this study, we fermented the bitter melon with lactic acid bacteria and investigated the capability of controlling diabetic conditions by decreasing the blood glucose levels. After extracting the fermented bitter melon with hot water or ethanol, we tested several biological activities using mouse models. When we tested the efficacy of the glycemic control, the extracts of fermented bitter melon significantly lowered the blood glucose levels of the alloxan-induced diabetic mice. We also found that the lactic acid bacteria-fermented bitter melon protected liver damages from the treatment of alloxan monohydrates and maintained low levels of triglycerides and high levels of HDL cholesterol in these mouse models. These results suggest that our approach on fermenting bitter melon and the extracts of fermented bitter melon could lead to the possibility of the development of functional foods that contain the effectiveness of controlling blood glucose and lipid levels as well as preventing liver damages.

비터멜론으로 알려진 여주(Momordica charantia)는 항암, 항바이러스, 항균, 항염증, 진통 및 산화방지제를 포함한 흥미로운 약리활성이 있다고 알려져 있다. 민간에서 전통적으로 사용된 여주의 효능은 최근에 과학적인 보고에 의해 증명이 되고 있으며, 현재 당뇨병 예방과 치료를 위해 연구되어야 할 가장 기대되는 기능성 식물 중 하나이다. 본 연구에서는 여주를 유산균으로 발효하여 추출하고 이것이 혈당을 감소시켜 당뇨병을 조절할 수 있는 지를 조사하였다. 발효한 여주를 열수 또는 에탄올로 추출한 후, 마우스 모델을 사용하여 고혈당 조절 등 여러가지 생물학적 활성을 테스트를 하였다. 여주발효추출물은 알록산으로 유도한 당뇨 마우스모델의 혈당을 유의적 수준에서 저하시켰고, 또한 알록산 처리에 의한 간 손상을 보호하였으며 중성지방은 낮게 그리고 HDL 콜레스테롤은 높은 수준으로 유지하고 있는 것을 발견하였다. 따라서 이러한 결과들은 여주와 유산균을 결합한 새로운 방법이 여주의 효능을 극대화시킴으로써 혈당 강하와 간 손상 억제 및 혈중 지질 조절 등 건강기능식품으로서의 개발 가능성이 충분히 있다고 사료된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Bhatt HB and Smith RJ (2015) Fatty liver disease in diabetes mellitus. Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr 4, 101-8.
  2. Hue JJ, Kim JS, Kim SY, Yun YW, Jeong JH, and Lee BJ (2009) Antiglycemic effect of carnosine in diabetic mice. J Food Hyg Safety 24, 391-7.
  3. Kim ES, Bayarmaa Birasuren, and Kim ME (2013) Preventive action of Ribes diacanthum Pall. against high blood glucose level in alloxan-induced diabetic mice J East Asian Soc Dietary Life 23, 53-60.
  4. Kim JO and Lee GD (2011) Hypoglycemic effects of a medicinal herb mixture prepared through the traditional antidiabetic prescription. Korean J Food Preserv 18, 923-9. https://doi.org/10.11002/kjfp.2011.18.6.923
  5. Kim MW (2013) Effect of bitter melon on plasma blood glucose and cholesterol levels in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. J East Asian Soc Dietary Life 26, 704-12.
  6. Lee HH, Cheong MJ, Huh J, Song SY, and Boo HO (2009) Effects of Momordica charantia L. water extracts on the rat liver and kidney with acute toxicated by Lead. Korean J Microscopy 39, 355-63.
  7. Lee HJ, Moon JH, Lee WM, Lee SG, Kim AK, Woo YH et al. (2012) Charantin contents and fruit characteristics of bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) accessions. J Bio-enviroment control 21, 379-84. https://doi.org/10.12791/KSBEC.2012.21.4.379
  8. Lee HS, Kong HJ, Lee EH, Hwang SJ, Jung HA, Kim ML et al. (2014) Hypoglycemic effects of boiled rice made from unpolished rice, job' tear, and extract from medicinal herbs mixture on diabetic rat. Korean J Herbology 29, 59-70. https://doi.org/10.6116/kjh.2014.29.3.59
  9. Lee J and Park H (2014) Relationships between diabetic knowledge, self-care behaviors and HbA1c in diabetic patients using public hospitals. J Korean Acad Fundam Nurs 21, 243-52. https://doi.org/10.7739/jkafn.2014.21.3.243
  10. Lee JT, Ryu JS, Kwak DH, Park YJ, Kang SS, Kim PJ et al. (2010) Effect of Buan mulberry on metabolic improvement in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Life Sci 20,1750-7. https://doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2010.20.12.1750
  11. Lee SY, Park SL, Nam YD, Yi SH, and Lim SI (2013) Anti-diabetic effects of fermented green tea in KK-Ay diabetic mice. Korean J. Food Sci Technol 45, 488-94. https://doi.org/10.9721/KJFST.2013.45.4.488
  12. Meena AK, Bansal P, and Kumar S (2009) Plants-herbal wealth as a potential source of ayurvedic drugs. Asian J Traditional 4, 152-70.
  13. Molitch ME, Rupp D, and Carnethon M (2006) Higher levels of HDL cholesterol are associated with a decreased likelihood of albuminuria in patients with long-standing type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care 29, 78-82. https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.29.01.06.dc05-1583
  14. Park SH and Kim GY (2010) Blood glucose level, insulin content and biochemical variables of complexcity extract from oriental medicinal plants on diabetes rats. Korean J Food Nutr 23, 258-68.
  15. Son HK, Han HJ, and Lee JJ (2014) Anti-diabetic effect of the mixture of mulberry leaf and green teapowder in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Korean J Food Preserv 21, 549-59. https://doi.org/10.11002/kjfp.2014.21.4.549
  16. Tian HL, Wei LS, Xu ZX, Zhao RT, Jin DL, and Gao JS (2010) Correlations between blood glucose levels and diabetes signs in streptozotocininduced diabetic mice. Global J Pharmacol 4, 111-6.
  17. Yang HS, Choi YJ, Oh HH, Moon JS, Jung HK, Kim KJ et al. (2014) Antioxidative activity of mushroom water extracts fermented by lactic acid bacteria. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 43, 80-5. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2014.43.1.080
  18. Yun WK, Bae HJ, Kim YJ, Kwon JO, Im MH, Cho HD et al. (2014) Effect of the supplementation of Coconopsis lanceolata extract on lipid metabolism amelioration in type 2 diabetes mouse model induced by high fat diet. Korean J Food Preserv 21, 107-13. https://doi.org/10.11002/kjfp.2014.21.1.107

Cited by

  1. 국내산 여주의 지역별, 수확시기별, 숙기별 Vitamin C 함량 vol.29, pp.4, 2015, https://doi.org/10.9799/ksfan.2016.29.4.474
  2. 보리 잎과 옥수수 수염의 혼합과 유산균 발효를 이용한 γ-aminobutyric acid 생산 증진 vol.25, pp.1, 2017, https://doi.org/10.11625/kjoa.2017.25.1.171
  3. 여주분말 함유 간장의 이화학적 특성, phytochemical 함량 및 생리활성 비교 vol.24, pp.8, 2015, https://doi.org/10.11002/kjfp.2017.24.8.1138
  4. 명월초, 여주 및 울금을 포함하는 돼지감자 복합물의 streptozotocin 유발 당뇨쥐에서 혈당강하 및 체내 지질개선에 미치는 영향 vol.28, pp.6, 2018, https://doi.org/10.5352/jls.2018.28.6.671
  5. A Mini Review on Antidiabetic Properties of Fermented Foods vol.10, pp.12, 2015, https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10121973
  6. Leuconostoc mesenteroidesies 균주를 이용한 여주 추출물 발효 및 생산물의 생리활성 특성 vol.35, pp.4, 2015, https://doi.org/10.12925/jkocs.2018.35.4.1250