Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture (한국유기농업학회지)

Korean Association of Organic Agriculture (한국유기농업학회)
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No-Tillage Agriculture of Korean-Style on Recycled Ridge II. Changes in Physical Properties : Water-Stable Aggregate, Bulk density, and Three Phase Ratio to Retain Water at Plastic Film Greenhouse Soil in No-Tillage System

두둑을 재활용한 한국형 무경운 농업 II. 시설 무경운 토양의 물리적 특성 : 입단과 용적밀도 및 삼상변화

  • 양승구 (전라남도농업기술원 친환경농업연구소) ;
  • 신길호 (전라남도농업기술원 친환경농업연구소) ;
  • 김선국 (전라남도농업기술원 친환경농업연구소) ;
  • 김희권 (전라남도농업기술원 친환경농업연구소) ;
  • 김현우 (전라남도농업기술원 친환경농업연구소) ;
  • 정우진 (전남대학교 농업생명과학대학 농화학과 친환경농업연구소)
  • Received : 2016.06.24
  • Accepted : 2016.11.15
  • Published : 2016.11.30
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Abstract

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of no-tillage on sequential cropping supported from recycling of first crop ridge on the productivity of crop and physical properties of soil under green house condition. This study is a part of "No-tillage agriculture of Korea-type on recycled ridge". From results for distribution of soil particle size with time process after tillage, soil particles were composed with granular structure in both tillage and no-tillage. No-tillage soil in distribution of above 2 mm soil particle increased at top soil and subsoil compared with tillage soil. Tillage and one year of no-tillage soil were not a significant difference at above 0.25 mm~below 0.5 mm, above 0.5 mm~below 1.0 mm, and above 1.0 mm of water-stable aggregate. Two years of no-tillage soil was significantly increased by 8.2%, 4.5%, and 1.7% at above 0.25 mm~below 0.5 mm, above 0.5 mm~below 1.0 mm, and above 1.0 mm of water-stable aggregate, respectively, compared with one year of no-tillage. Bulk density of top soil was $1.10MG\;m^3$ at tillage and $1.30MG\;m^3$ at one year of no-tillage. Bulk density of top soil was $1.14MG\;m^3$ at two years and $1.03MG\;m^3$ at three years of no-tillage, respectively. Bulk density of subsoil was a similar tendency. Solid phase ratio in top soil and subsoil was increased at one year of no-tillage compared with tillage soil, while soil phase ratio decreased at two and three years of no-tillage. Pore space ratio in tillage top soil (58.5%) was decreased by 8.5% at compared with no-tillage soil (51.0%). Pore space ratio was 56.9% and 61.2% at two and three years of no-tillage soil, respectively. Subsoil was a similar tendency. Gaseous phase ratio was decreased at one year of no-tillage soil, and increased at two and three years of no-tillage soil compared with tillage soil. Liquid phase ratio in top soil was increased at one year of no-tillage (28.3%), and decreased at two years (23.4%) and at three years (18.3 %) of no-tillage soil compared with tillage soil (24.2%). Subsoil was a similar tendency. Liquid phase ratio in subsoil was increased than top soil.

본 논문은 앞그루작물 재배 시 형성된 이랑을 재활용하여 다음 뒷그루작물을 무경운으로 재배할 경우 토양의 이화학성과 생육 및 수량에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 추진한 연구 결과의 일부이다. 토양에서 경운 후 시간의 경과에 따른 토양 입자 크기의 분포를 조사한 결과 관행경운과 무경운 토양 입자는 공히 입상구조(granular structure)를 이루고 있었다. 무경운 토양의 입자 크기 2 mm 이상의 분포는 무경운 토양이 경운 토양에 비하여 표토와 심토 공히 증가 되었다. 그리고 내수성입단 0.25 mm 이상 0.5 mm 이하와 0.5 mm 이상 1 mm 이하, 1 mm 이상의 대입단 분포는 경운과 무경운 1년차 토양에서 유의적인 차이가 없었으나, 무경운 2년차에서는 입단의 크기별로 각각 8.2%, 4.5%, 1.7%로 경운과 무경운 1년차에 비하여 유의적인 증가를 보였다. 관행 경운 토양 표토의 용적밀도 $1.10MG\;m^3$이 무경운 1년차에서 $1.30MG\;m^3$으로 증가 되었으나, 무경운 2년차는 $1.14MG\;m^3$, 무경운 3년차는 $1.03MG\;m^3$으로 용적밀도가 감소되었으며, 심토도 같은 경향이었다. 따라서 용적밀도와 정(+)의 상관이 있는 고상율은 표토와 심토 공히 무경운 1년차에서 관행 경운 토양에 비하여 증가되었으나, 무경운 2년차와 3년차는 감소되었다. 용적밀도 및 고상율과 부(-)의 상관관계가 있는 공극율은 경운 토양 58.5%가 무경운 1년차는 51%로 8.5% 감소되었으나, 무경운 2년차는 56.9%, 무경운 3년차는 61.2%로 증가되었으며, 심토도 같은 경향이었다. 공극율과 정(+)의 상관관계가 있는 기상율은 관행경운 토양에 비하여 무경운 1년차는 감소되었으나, 무경운 2년차와 3년차에서는 증가되었다. 그리고 기상과 함께 공극율을 결정하는 액상율은 경운 표토 24.2%가 무경운 1년차는 28.3%로 증가되었으나, 무경운 2년차는 23.4%, 무경운 3년차는 18.3%로 현저하게 감소되었으며, 심토도 같은 경향이었으나, 심토의 액상율은 표토에 비하여 증가되었다.

Keywords

References

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