KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE (한국작물학회지)

The Korean Society of Crop Science (한국작물학회)
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Changes in Flowering Date and Yielding Characteristics Affected by Transplanting Date in the Early-maturing Rice Cultivar 'Joun' in the Mid-northern Inland of Korea

중북부 중간지대에서 극조생 벼 품종 '조운'의 기계이앙 시기에 따른 개화기 및 수량특성 변화

  • Yang, Woonho (Crop Cultivation & Environment Research Division, Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kim, Myeong-Ki (Central Area Crop Breeding Research Division, Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kang, Shingu (Crop Cultivation & Environment Research Division, Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Park, Jeong-Hwa (Crop Cultivation & Environment Research Division, Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kim, Sukjin (Crop Cultivation & Environment Research Division, Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Choi, Jong-Seo (Crop Cultivation & Environment Research Division, Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Yang, Chang-Ihn (Cheolweon Substation, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Back, Nam-Hyun (Cheolweon Substation, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration)
  • 양운호 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 중부작물부 재배환경과) ;
  • 김명기 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 중부작물부 중부작물과) ;
  • 강신구 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 중부작물부 재배환경과) ;
  • 박정화 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 중부작물부 재배환경과) ;
  • 김숙진 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 중부작물부 재배환경과) ;
  • 최종서 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 중부작물부 재배환경과) ;
  • 양창인 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 철원출장소) ;
  • 백남현 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 철원출장소)
  • Received : 2017.07.24
  • Accepted : 2017.09.22
  • Published : 2017.12.31
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Abstract

This study was conducted over a 3-year period from 2013 to 2015 in the mid-northern inland, Cheolweon, Korea, to investigate changes in flowering date, daily mean temperature during grain filling, and yield characteristics affected by transplanting date in an early-maturing rice variety, 'Joun'. Thirty-day-old seedlings were transplanted at four different dates at 15-day interval from May 5 to June 19. Flowering dates were July 16, July 21, July 31, and August 14 when transplanting was performed on May 5, May 20, June 4, and June 19, respectively. Late transplanting resulted in higher daily mean temperature before flowering but late-transplanted rice required fewer days and lower cumulative temperature to reach flowering from transplanting. As transplanting was delayed, daily mean temperature for 40 days after flowering decreased, whereas daily sunshine hours for the same period increased, with a temperature of $24.8^{\circ}C$ and sunshine for 5.8 hours being recorded at the transplanting on May 5, and with a temperature of $21.0^{\circ}C$ and sunshine for 7.7 hours at the transplanting on June 19. With late transplanting, panicles per square meter significantly decreased, whereas spikelets per panicle showed an increasing trend. Regression analysis showed that maximum head rice yield was attained from the transplanting on May 18, for which the flowering date was July 21, and daily mean temperature for 40 days from that flowering date was $24.6^{\circ}C$. A decrease in head rice yield by 5% and 10% of the maximum was observed for rice transplanted on June 6 and June 15, which resulted in flowering dates of August 2 and August 11, respectively, and the daily mean temperatures for 40 days from flowering were 23.2 and $21.7^{\circ}C$, respectively. Therefore, in mid-northern inland, it is recommended to transplant 'Joun' on May 18 to induce flowering on July 21, when grain filling is subjected to a daily mean temperature of $24.6^{\circ}C$ during active filling stage.

중북부 중간지에서 극조생종 벼 품종 조운의 기계이앙 시기에 따른 출수기와 등숙기간 중 평균기온의 변화 및 그에 따른 수량특성을 알아보기 위하여 국립식량과학원 철원 출장소 시험포장에서 이앙시기를 5월 5일부터 6월 19일까지 조절하여 3년간 시험한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 출수기는 5월 5일 이앙에서 7월 16일이었고 6월 19일 이앙에서 8월 14일이었으며, 이앙시기가 늦을수록 이앙~출수기의 일평균기온은 높았으나 기간이 짧아지고 적산 온도가 적어졌다. 출수 후 40일간 기상은 이앙시기가 늦을수록 일평균기온이 낮아지고 일조시간은 많아졌다. 2. $m^2$당 이삭수는 이앙시기에 따라 크게 영향을 받은 수량구성요소로서 이앙시기가 늦어짐에 따라 유의하게 감소하였고, 수당영화수는 많아지는 경향을 보였다. 3. 쌀수량은 5월 20일 이앙에서 가장 많았고 6월 19일 이앙에서 가장 적었으며, 완전미 비율은 쌀수량과 반대의 경향을 보였는데, 완전미 수량은 쌀수량이 증가함에 따라 향상되는 경향을 나타내었다. 4. 이앙시기와 완전미 수량지수의 관계 분석 결과, 5월 18일 이앙에서 완전미 수량이 가장 높았으며, 최고수량 대비 5%와 10%가 감소하는 이앙시기는 각각 6월 6일과 6월 15일로 분석되었다. 5. 완전미 최고수량을 보인 이앙시기의 출수기는 7월 21일이었고 이 때 출수 후 40일간 평균기온은 $24.6^{\circ}C$였으며, 최고수량 대비 5%와 10%가 감소하는 이앙시기의 출수기는 각각 8월 2일과 8월 11일로 이들 출수기에서 출수 후 40일간 평균기온은 각각 $23.2^{\circ}C$와 $21.7^{\circ}C$였다.

Keywords

References

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