Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture (한국유기농업학회지)

Korean Association of Organic Agriculture (한국유기농업학회)
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Effects of Applying Cattle Slurry and Mixed Sowing with Legumes on Productivity, Feed Values and Organic Stock Carrying Capacity of Winter Forage Crops in Gyeongbuk Regions

경북지역에서 액상우분뇨 시용과 콩과작물의 혼파가 동계사료작물의 생산성, 사료가치 및 단위면적당 유기가축 사육능력에 미치는 영향

  • Received : 2013.08.07
  • Accepted : 2013.08.19
  • Published : 2013.09.30
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Abstract

This study was conducted to estimate Hanwoo carrying capacity when whole crop barley, rye, wheat and tritcale as winter forage crops was grown on different applying sources (chemical fertilizer, cattle or organic fertilizer) and mixed sowing combination with hairy vetch or forage pea during the period of 2011~2012. The experimental plots within whole crop barley or rye were consisted of 7 treatments, which were non-fertilizer, chemical fertilizer (P+K), chemical fertilizer (N+P+K), organic fertilizer, cattle slurry, cattle slurry with hairy vetch, and cattle slurry with forage pea. Each plot was triplicates and experimental treatments were allocated in the randomized complete block design. For whole crop barley, annual mean dry matter (DM) and total digestible nutrients (TDN) yields were the highest in N+P+K plots, but there were no significant differences among organic fertilizer, cattle slurry and mixed sowing with legumes. The TDN were the highest in mixed sowing plots of forage pea plus cattle slurry application. As 450 kg Hanwoo heifers were fed diets included 70% whole crop barley, organic fertilizer, cattle slurry application and mixed sowing plots of forage pea is capable of raising average 2.8 to 3.1 heads/ha a year. For whole crop rye, annual mean DM were the highest in N+P+K plots, but there were no significant differences among cattle slurry. Organic fertilizer application significantly increased TDN and relative feed value (RFV) in comparison with treatments of N+P+K fertilization as chemical fertilizers. In case of 450 kg Hanwoo heifers fed diets included 70% forage rye, it is estimated that cattle slurry application (mixed sowing with legumes) plots can rear average 2.8~ 3.2 heads/ha a year. For whole crop wheat, annual DM, crude protein, and TDN yields of application groups and mixed sowing treatment with legumes showed 6.90~7.44, 0.53~0.60 and 4.35~5.04 ton/ha, respectively. In case of 450 kg Hanwoo heifers fed diets included 70% forage rye, it is estimated that cattle slurry application (mixed sowing with legumes) plots can rear average 3.1~3.7 heads/ha a year. For Triticale, TDN yield was significantly (P<0.05) higher N+P+K plots, organic ferilizer, cattle slurry, cattle slurry with legumes than for no fertilizer and N+P+K plots. The Crude protein (CP) contents were the highest in mixed sowing plots of forage pea plus cattle slurry application. In case of 450 kg Hanwoo heifers fed diets included 70% forage triticale, it is estimated that cattle slurry application (mixed sowing with legumes) plots can rear average 3.4~3.7 heads/ha a year. It can be concluded that, on the basis of DM yield, not only mixed sowing with legumes by applying cattle slurry rather than single sowing of whole crop barley or whole crop rye enhanced production yield and feed values, but also it could be a substitute for imported grains as dietary protein sources in the case of feeding Hanwoo.

본 실험에서는 2011년부터 2012년까지 월동작물로 재배되는 보리, 호밀, 밀과 트리트레일에 화학비료, 유기질비료 및 가축분뇨의 시용 그리고 콩과작물의 혼파재배가 작물의 생산성과 사료가치를 평가함으로써 토양의 지력향상과 함께 양질의 유기 조사료 확보하여 단위면적당 유기가축사육 능력을 추정하고자 무비구, 화학비료 PK시비구, 화학비료 NPK시비구, 유기질비료 시용구, 우분뇨 시용구, 우분뇨 시용에 헤어리베치 혼파구 및 우분뇨 시용에 forage pea 혼파구 등 7처리 3반복 난괴법으로 배치하여 실험이 실시되었다. 청보리의 연간 건물과 가소화양분총량(TDN) 수량은 화학비료 NPK 시비구가 가장 높았으나(p<0.05), 유기질 비료구, 우분뇨 및 콩과작물 혼파구와 유의적 차이는 나지 않았다. 청보리의 TDN은 우분뇨 시용에 forage pea 혼파구가 가장 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 청보리를 급여시 한우 암소는 유기질비료, 우분뇨 혹은 우분뇨 시용에 forage pea 혼파구가 연간 ha당 평균 2.8~3.1두를 사육할 수 있다. 호밀의 연간 건물수량은 화학비료 NPK구가 가장 높았으나, 우분뇨구와 유의적 차이가 나지 않았으며, TDN과 RFV는 유기질비료구가 화학비료 NPK구 보다 유의하게 높았다(p<0.05). 유기질비료, 우분뇨 혹은 우분뇨 시용에 콩과를 혼파한 호밀을 급여할 경우 한우 암소는 연간 ha 당 사육두수는 평균 2.8~3.2두 규모의 가축 사육능력이 추정된다. 밀의 연간 건물, 조단백질 및 TDN 수량은 유기질비료, 우분뇨 혹은 우분뇨 시용에 두과작물을 혼파한 구가 ha 당 각각 6.9~7.44, 0.53~0.60 및 4.35~5.04 톤으로 나타나, 밀을 급여할 경우 암소는 연간 ha 당 평균 3.1~3.7두 규모의 사육능력이 추정된다. 트리트케일의 TDN 수량은 화학비료 NPK구, 유기질비료구, 우분뇨구 및 콩과혼파구가 무비구와 화학비료 PK구 보다는 유의하게 높았으며(p<0.05), 조단백질 함량은 forage pea 혼파구가 가장 높았다(p<0.05). 트리트케일을 급여할 경우 유기한우 암소는 연간 ha 당 평균 3.4~3.7두 규모의 사육능력이 추정된다. 이상의 결과를 종합해 볼 때, 건물생산성만을 고려해서 화학비료와 동계사료작물을 단파로 재배하는 것보다 가축의 기호성과 품질의 개선까지 고려하여 액상우분뇨 50% 시용과 함께 콩과작물인 헤어리베치와 forage pea 등을 혼파 하는 것이 단위면적당 수량과 단백질 함량 등의 사료가치를 높이며 유기 가축사육 시에는 단백질공급원으로 이용되는 수입 곡류 등을 대체하는 효과까지도 기대할 수 있으리라 생각된다.

Keywords

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