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Change of Flora of Damaged Land in Juwangsan National Park for Five Years (2010~2014)

주왕산국립공원 내 훼손지의 5년간(2010~2014년) 식물상 변화

  • You, Juhan (Dept. of Landscape Architecture, Dongguk University-Gyeongju) ;
  • Kim, Mijin (Juwangsan National Park Office, Korea National Park Service)
  • 유주한 (동국대학교 경주캠퍼스 조경학과) ;
  • 김미진 (국립공원관리공단 주왕산사무소)
  • Received : 2016.06.07
  • Accepted : 2016.08.03
  • Published : 2016.08.31

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to offer the basic data for management of National Park by surveying and analysing the change of flora of damaged lands in Juwangsan National Park, Korea. In cause of occurring the damaged lands, site-1 was the vegetation damage by stamping, the removing Gwangamsa of site-2, 3, 4 and the removing Naewon village of site-5, 6, 7. Whole sites are caused by the artificial disturbance and interference. The numbers of flora were summarized as 135 taxa including 52 families, 109 genera, 116 species, 2 subspecies and 17 varieties in whole sites. The status of flora by sites, site-6 is the largest number of 52 taxa, site-1 is the lowest of 23 taxa. The rare plant is 1 taxa, 4 taxa of endemic plants, 10 taxa of specific plants by floristic region, 9 taxa of naturalized plants and 1 taxa of invasive alien plant. In the results of analysis about the change of coverage ratio, for this shrub layer, site-7 was changed to the most $0%{\rightarrow}50%$, and the herb layer, site-5 was changed to the most $75%{\rightarrow}95%$. In case of the change of species numbers, most sites tended to increase in the sites introduced different species or generated by the growth. It is contemplated that is similar to the restoration with the surrounding natural vegetation that is in progress is a transition occurs with the passage of time. In the dominant species, the shrub layer is Fraxinus sieboldiana, Lespedeza bicolor, Rhus javanica, Lespedezamaximowiczii, Salix koreensis and Zelkova serrata, and Miscanthus sinensis var. purpurascens, Oplismenus undulatifolius, Artemisia princeps, Bothriochloa ischaemum and Erigeron annuus of herb layer. In the results of analysing Naturalized Index(NI) and Urbanized Index(UI), NI was increased or decreased this phenomenon with the lapse of time, UI was the most increase. In particular, the increase in UI is due to the transition process, the pioneering plant, naturalized plant was imported to continue.

본 연구는 주왕산국립공원 내 훼손지의 식물상을 조사 및 분석하여 국립공원의 관리를 위한 기초 자료 제공에 목적이 있다. 훼손지 발생 원인의 경우 조사구 1은 답압에 의한 식생 훼손, 조사구 2, 3, 4는 광암사 철거, 조사구 5, 6, 7은 내원마을 철거에 의해 발생된 것으로 전체 조사구는 인위적 교란과 간섭에 의한 것이다. 출현 식물상은 52과 109속 116종 2아종 17변종 등 135분류군이며, 조사구별 식물상 현황은 조사구 6이 가장 많은 52분류군, 조사구 1은 가장 적은 23분류군이다. 희귀식물은 1분류군, 특산식물은 4분류군, 식물구계학적 특정식물은 10분류군, 귀화식물은 9분류군, 생태계교란식물은 1분류군이다. 식피율 변화 분석 결과, 관목층의 경우 조사구 7이 $0%{\rightarrow}50%$, 초본층의 경우 조사구 5가 $75%{\rightarrow}95%$로 가장 많이 변하였다. 종수 변화의 경우 대부분 조사구에서 증가하는 경향을 보여 천이에 의해 다양한 종이 이입 또는 발생된 것이다. 이는 시간의 흐름에 따라 천이가 진행되어 발생된 것으로 주변 자연식생과 유사하게 회복되고 있다고 생각된다. 우점종의 경우 관목층은 쇠물푸레나무, 싸리, 붉나무, 조록싸리, 버드나무, 등, 느티나무가, 초본층은 억새, 주름조개풀, 쑥, 바랭이새, 개망초이다. 귀화율과 도시화지수 분석 결과, 귀화율은 시간의 경과에 따라 증감 현상이 있었으며, 도시화지수는 대부분 증가 추세를 보였다. 특히 도시화지수의 증가는 천이과정 상 선구식물인 귀화식물이 지속적으로 이입되었기 때문이다.

Keywords

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