Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology (한국응용과학기술학회지)

The Korean Society of Applied Science and Technology (한국응용과학기술학회)
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Effects of Health Perception, Self-efficacy and Social Support of College Students on the Health Promotion Behaviors

대학생의 건강지각, 자기효능감, 사회적 지지가 건강증진행위에 미치는 영향

  • Woo, Bok Jin (Health Center, Kongju National University, Department of Nursing Science, Kongju National University) ;
  • Lee, Hye Kyung (Health Center, Kongju National University, Department of Nursing Science, Kongju National University)
  • 우복진 (공주대학교 보건진료소, 공주대학교 간호학과) ;
  • 이혜경 (공주대학교 보건진료소, 공주대학교 간호학과)
  • Received : 2019.12.05
  • Accepted : 2019.12.30
  • Published : 2019.12.30
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Abstract

This study is a descriptive research with a purpose of examining the effects of health perception, self-efficacy and social support of college students on the health promotion behaviors. The subjects of this study have targeted 196 college students, where the data collection was made from September 10, 2018 to October 5, 2018. As a result of analyzing the differences in health promoting behaviors according to general characteristics of college students, there was a statistically significant difference according to the residence type(F=8.56, p<.001), subjective health status(F=7.23, p=.001), university life satisfaction(F=8.50, p<.001), exercise status(t=6.62, p<.001), and number of breakfasts per week(F=14.13, p<.001). For the correlation between college students' health perception, self-efficacy, social support, and health promotion behaviors, health promotion behavior and health perception(r=44, p<.001), self-efficacy(r=.57, p<.001), and social support(r=.49, p<.001) has shown a significant positive correlation between them. As a result of conducting multiple regression analysis by setting general characteristics, health perception, self-efficacy and social support as independent variables in order to analyze the factors affecting health promotion behaviors of college students, The variables that have significant explanatory power on health promoting behaviors(F=34.921, p<.001) were self-efficacy, social support, number of breakfasts per week(more than 5times), whether or not to exercise, number of breakfasts per week(2 to 4times), rent and lodging for residential type, and for grade, seniors. The explanatory power of these factors on health promotion behaviors was a total of 56.9%. Conclusively, In order to Improving health promotion behavior requires the development and intervention of personalized health promotion programs for each generation that consider self-efficacy and social support and emphasize the importance of proper exercise and proper eating habits.

본 연구는 대학생의 건강지각, 자기효능감, 사회적 지지가 건강증진행위에 미치는 영향을 확인하기 위한 서술적 조사연구이다. 본 연구대상자는 충남 일개 대학에 재학 중인 대학생 196명을 대상으로 하였으며, 자료 수집은 2018년 9월 10일부터 10월 5일까지 이루어졌다. 연구결과 대학생의 일반적 특성에 따른 건강증진행위의 차이에 대한 분석 결과 거주형태(F=8.56, p<.001), 주관적 건강상태(F=7.23, p=.001), 대학생활 만족도(F=8.50, p<.001), 운동여부(t=6.62, p<.001), 주당 아침식사 횟수(F=14.13, p<.001)에 따라 통계적으로 유의한 수준에서 차이가 있었다. 건강증진행위와 건강지각(r=.44, p<.001), 자기효능감(r=.57, p<.001), 사회적 지지(r=.49, p<.001)가 서로 유의미한 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 대학생의 건강증진행위에 영향을 미치는 요인(F=34.921, p<.001)은 자기효능감, 사회적 지지, 주당 아침식사 횟수(5회 이상), 운동여부(한다), 주당 아침식사 횟수(2~4회), 거주형태는 자취·하숙, 학년은 4학년이었으며, 설명력은 총 56.9%이었다. 건강증진행위를 향상시키기 위해서는 자기효능감과 사회적 지지 체계를 고려하고 적절한 운동과 올바른 식습관에 대한 중요성을 포함한 세대별 맞춤형 건강증진프로그램 개발 및 중재가 필요하다.

Keywords

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