Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science (한국초지조사료학회지)

The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science (한국초지조사료학회)
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Effects of Harvest Stage on Agronomic Characteristics, Yield and Feed Value of Silage Corn in the Newly Reclaimed Hilly Land

산지 신개간 토양에서 사료용 옥수수 수확시기가 생육특성, 생산성 및 사료가치에 미치는 영향

  • Do, Gu-Ho (Faculty of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Kim, Eun-Joong (Faculty of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Lee, Sang-Moo (Faculty of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University)
  • Received : 2012.06.19
  • Accepted : 2012.08.12
  • Published : 2012.09.30
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Abstract

This study was carried out to investigate growth characteristics, yield, chemical compositions and nutrients yield of corn hybrids for silage in the newly reclaimed hilly land. The experimental design was arranged in a randomized block design with three replications. The seeding time was at May 6. The harvest time of four treatments was milk stage (97 days), dough stage (105 days), yellow stage (112 days) and late yellow stage (119 days after seeding). Plant height, ear height, leaf numbers and ear length were highest in yellow stage (p<0.05, 0.01), but dead leaf, stem hardness and sugar degree (Brix) were higher in late yellow than other treatments. Leaf width, tip filling degree and fresh yield were not significantly different. Dry matter yield increased as the maturity stage progressed (p<0.01). Crude protein and crude fat were not significantly different. NDF and ADF decreased as the maturity stage progressed (p<0.01). Ca content was the highest at milk stage (p<0.05), Fe and P were the highest at dough stage (p<0.05, 0.01). However another minerals were not significantly different. Essential amino acid (EAA), nonessential amino acid (NEAA) and total amino acid were highest at yellow stage, but no significant differences were found among the treatments. Total free sugar contents were higher in the order of Milk > dough > yellow > late yellow stage, but no significant differences were found among the treatments. Crude protein yield was the highest at yellow stage, but crude fat yield, amino acid yield and TDN yield were highest at late yellow stage (p<0.01). Total mineral yield showed no significant difference. Based on the above results, yellow and late yellow stage compared to other maturity stage have been shown to increase dry matter yield and nutrients yield, when silage corn grow cultivate in the newly reclaimed hilly land.

본 연구는 최근 야산을 절개하여 조성한 신개간 토양에 옥수수를 파종한 후 수확시기별 생산능력 및 영양수량을 평가함과 동시에, 국내 조사료 생산기반을 확충하기 위한 방안의 기초자료를 제공하고자 실시하였다. 실험설계는 수확기를 유숙기(97일), 호숙기(105일), 황숙기(112일) 및 늦은 황숙기(119일) 4처리 3반복으로 5월 6일 파종하여 숙기별 각각 8월 10일, 18일, 25일, 9월 1일에 수확하였다. 그 결과를 보면 착수고, 엽수, 암이삭 길이는 황숙기에서 높게 나타났으며(p<0.05), 고사엽, 경경도, 당도는 늦은 황숙기에서 높게 나타났다(p<0.01). 그리고 경의 굵기는 숙기가 진행됨에 따라 가늘게 나타났다(p<0.01). 엽폭, 알곡충실도 및 생초수량은 숙기에 따라 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 건물수량은 숙기가 진행됨에 증가하는 것으로 나타났다(p<0.01). 조단백질 및 조지방 함량은 숙기 간 다소 차이가 나타났지만 유의적 차이는 없었다. 그러나 조회분 함량은 유숙기에 비하여 늦은 황숙기가 낮은 것으로 나타났다(p<0.05). NDF와 ADF 함량은 숙기가 진전됨에 따라 유의적으로 감소하는 경향을 나타냈다(p<0.01). 무기물 성분을 보면 Ca은 유숙기(p<0.05)에, Fe와 P의 함량은 호숙기에(p<0.05, 0.01) 각각 높게 나타났다. 그러나 다른 무기물은 유의적 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 총 무기물 함량은 숙기가 진점됨에 따라 유의적으로 감소하는 경향을 나타냈다(p<0.01). 구성아미노산 함량에 있어서 필수아미노산, 비필수아미노산 및 총아미노산(필수+ 비필수 아미노산) 함량은 황숙기에서 높은 수치를 보였지만 숙기 간 유의적인 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 총 유리당 함량은 유숙기> 호숙기> 황숙기 > 늦은 황숙기 순으로 높게 나타났지만 상호간 유의적 차이는 없었다. 조단백질 수량은 황숙기> 늦은 황숙기> 호숙기> 유숙기 순으로 높게 나타났으며(p<0.01), 조지방 수량은 늦은 황숙기> 황숙기> 호숙기> 유숙기 순으로 높게 나타났다(p<0.01). 광물질 수량은 숙기 간 유의적 차이가 없었다. 아미노산 및 TDN 수량은 늦은 황숙기에 가장 높게 나타났다(p<0.01). 이상의 결과로 볼 때 사일리지용 옥수수를 산지 신개지에 재배 시 생육특성, 사초생산량 및 영양수량을 고려하면 황숙기나 늦은 황숙기에 수확하는 것이 유리한 것으로 생각된다.

Keywords

References

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