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Quality Characteristics and Amino Acid Content of Cookies with GABA-Enhanced Brown Rice

GABA 함량이 증가된 현미 첨가 쿠키의 품질특성과 아미노산 함량

  • Jung, Hae Won (Dept. of Food Science & Nutrition, Daejin University) ;
  • Chung, Hai-Jung (Dept. of Food Science & Nutrition, Daejin University)
  • 정해원 (대진대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 정해정 (대진대학교 식품영양학과)
  • Received : 2013.07.22
  • Accepted : 2013.10.01
  • Published : 2013.11.30

Abstract

This study is conducted to investigate the quality characteristics of cookies containing different levels (0%, 20%, 40%, 60%) of brown rice powder with enhanced levels of GABA (${\gamma}$-amino butyric acid). The pH of cookie dough was higher in cookies containing brown rice powder. A proximate composition analysis showed that the moisture content was increased with the addition of the brown rice powder, yet there was no significant difference in the crude protein and crude fat contents among the added groups. The ash content was the highest in the 60% added group. The spread factor of the control cookie was higher than that of cookies containing 40% and 60% brown rice powder. The incorporation of brown rice powder in cookies lowered the lightness and yellowness values, but increased the redness value. The hardness of the cookies was lower in 40% and 60% added groups than that of the controls. The GABA content in the brown rice added groups was higher than that of the control cookie, and increased as brown rice powder increased. A consumer acceptance test revealed that there was no significant difference in the overall preference scores among the cookies. From these findings, it is suggested that the cookies with brown rice powder up to 60% added can be developed as goods.

본 연구에서는 현미가루를 밀가루 중량기준 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%의 비율로 첨가하여 쿠키를 제조하고 반죽의 밀도, pH, 쿠키의 일반성분, 퍼짐성, 손실률, 팽창률, 색도, 경도, GABA 및 아미노산 함량, 기호도 검사 등을 실시하였다. 수분함량은 첨가군이 대조군보다 높게 나타났고 조단백질 함량과 조지방 함량은 시료 간에 유의적인 차이를 나타내지 않았으며 조회분 함량은 60% 첨가군에서 가장 높게 나타났다. 쿠키반죽의 밀도는 60% 첨가군이 가장 낮았고 pH는 가장 높았다. 퍼짐성은 헌미가루 첨가량이 증가할수록 대체적으로 감소하였고 손실률과 팽창률은 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 경도는 40% 첨가군과 60% 첨가군에서 낮게 나타났다. 밝기를 나타내는 L값은 대조군이 가장 높았고 a값은 현미가루 첨가량이 증가할수록 증가하였으며 b값은 감소하였다. 쿠키의 GABA 함량은 대조군이 가장 낮았고 현미가루 첨가량이 증가할수록 증가하여 60% 첨가군에서 가장 높게 나타났다. 총 아미노산 함량은 대조군이 가장 높게 나타났으나 쌀의 제1제한 아미노산인 lysine의 함량은 대조군이 가장 낮았고 첨가군에서 높게 나타났다. 쿠키의 기호도 검사 결과 표면색은 대조군보다 현미가루 첨가군이 낮은 점수로 평가된 반면 냄새, 맛, 조직감 및 전체적인 기호도는 모든 시료 간에 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 이와 같은 결과를 종합하여 볼 때 현미가루를 60%까지 첨가하여 제품화 한다면 대조군과 비교하여 관능성이 크게 저하되지 않으면서 GABA 함량이 증진되어 기능성이 향상된 쿠키가 될 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

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