Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education (한국과학교육학회지)

The Korean Association for Science Education (한국과학교육학회)
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Analysis of Trends of Model and Modeling-Related Research in Science Education in Korea

과학교육에서 모델과 모델링 관련 국내 과학 교육 연구 동향 분석

  • Received : 2017.05.25
  • Accepted : 2017.07.27
  • Published : 2017.08.31
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Abstract

The purpose of this study is to investigate the trends of model and modeling-related research in science education from 1989 to 2016 in Korea. Eighty-five (85) models and modeling-related journal articles were extracted from the KCI-listed journals and analyzed according to the criteria such as participants, research fields, research design, methods, data collection and elements of metamodeling knowledge. According to research participants, three out of four (3/4) were studied for students and the rest were for teachers. More than half of the studies for students were conducted with middle and high school students. The research fields of models and modeling-related researches in science education were comprised of earth science, chemistry, biology science, physics and science course. With regards to research design, the highest type is qualitative research and followed by hybrid research and quantitative research. According to research methods, the most numerous researches that were analyzed was the effectiveness of program, which was a developed model and modeling-related research. The analysis from the elements of the metamodeling knowledge showed most of model and modeling-related research utilized for the change of scientific concept or understanding.

이 연구에서는 국내에서 진행되어 온 모델 및 모델링 관련 연구의 동향을 살펴보기 위한 것이다. 이를 위해 1989년부터 2016년 까지 국내 학술지에 발표된 과학교육 분야의 모델과 모델링 관련 연구 문헌들을 85편을 추출하였다. 이를 연구 대상, 연구 분야 및 연구 설계, 연구 방법 및 자료 수집, 메타모델링 지식 측면에서 분석하였다. 연구대상 분석에서 중 고등학생을 대상으로 한 연구에 비해 대학생을 대상으로 한 연구가 적었으며, 학생 전체와 비교하여 교사를 대상으로 한 연구는 적었다. 이로부터 교사에 대한 연구가 필요하다고 제안할 수 있다. 연구 분야의 경향을 분석한 결과, 물리, 화학, 생명과학, 지구과학 및 과학 분야별 연구 중에서 절반이상이 지구과학과 화학에서 이루어졌다. 과학교육에서 학생들이 모델과 모델링을 쉽게 인식하고 여러 교과에서 사용할 수 있는 능력을 키울 수 있도록 특정 교과의 분야가 아니라 다양한 분야에서 연구가 진행되어야 할 것이다. 연구설계 경향을 분석한 결과는 질적 연구가 많았으며, 그 다음으로 혼합연구, 양적 연구 순으로 나타났다. 연구 방법을 분석한 결과, 선행연구 등에서 이미 개발된 모델 및 모델링 관련 프로그램이나 전략을 적용하여 그 효과를 분석한 논문이 가장 높았다. 과학교육에서 성공적인 모델링 실습을 위해서는 특정한 과학 현상이나 개념에 대한 모델과 모델링을 적용한 수업전략을 개발하고 이를 실제 수업에 적용하여 효과를 알아보는 연구가 이루어져야 한다고 본다. 메타모델링 지식의 요소의 측면에서 살펴본 결과, 메타모델링 지식의 요소의 측면에서 살펴본 결과, 모델의 목적에 대해서 분석한 연구가 가장 많았고, 그 다음으로는 모델링 과정을 다룬 연구, 모델의 다양성을 다룬 연구, 모델의 본성을 다룬 연구 순이었다. 학생과 교사 모두의 모델 및 모델링에 대한 이해의 향상을 위해서는 메타모델링 지식과 그 구성요소인 모델의 본성, 모델의 다양성, 모델의 목적, 모델링 과정, 모델의 평가 및 수정에 대한 이해가 수반되어야 한다. 따라서 과학수업에서 학생들의 모델 및 모델링에 대한 이해 및 수업 전략으로써의 활용 측면연구와 과학교사의 모델 및 모델링에 대한 이해를 돕기 위한 방법, 교수학습 프로그램의 개발 및 적용에 대한 연구들이 실질적으로 다양하게 이루어져야 한다고 본다.

Keywords

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